Complex carbohydrates such as starch are believed to be more healthy than sugar, which is frequently consumed in the Standard American Diet. However, the nutritional quality of the specific foods comprising those macronutrients is often poor, as with the "Western" pattern discussed above. These macronutrient intakes fall within the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR) for adults identified by the Food and Nutrition Board of the United States Institute of Medicine as "associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases while providing adequate intakes of essential nutrients," which are 45–65% carbohydrate, 10–35% protein, and 20–35% fat as a percentage of total energy. In 2006 the typical American diet was about 2,200 kilocalories (9,200 kJ) per day, with 50% of calories from carbohydrates, 15% protein, and 35% fat. This diet is "rich in red meat, dairy products, processed and artificially sweetened foods, and salt, with minimal intake of fruits, vegetables, fish, legumes, and whole grains." Various foods and food processing procedures that had been introduced during the Neolithic and Industrial Periods had fundamentally altered 7 nutritional characteristics of ancestral hominin diets: glycemic load, fatty acid composition, macronutrient composition, micronutrient density, acid-base balance, sodium- potassium ratio, and fiber content. Consumption of beef in the US has fallen since the 1970s, while chicken consumption has grown dramatically. Consumption of meat, grain, fruits, and vegetables has risen consumption of dairy has fallen. Elements Food available to Americans since 1910. Compared to the "prudent pattern diet", which has higher proportions of "fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and poultry", the Western pattern diet is associated with higher risks of cardiovascular disease and obesity. ĭietary pattern analysis focuses on overall diets (such as the Mediterranean diet) rather than individual foods or nutrients. The Western pattern diet is a modern dietary pattern that is generally characterized by high intakes of pre-packaged foods, refined grains, red meat, processed meat, high-sugar drinks, candy and sweets, fried foods, industrially produced animal products, butter and other high-fat dairy products, eggs, potatoes, corn (and high-fructose corn syrup), and low intakes of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, pasture-raised animal products, fish, nuts, and seeds. This diet was brought about in part by fundamental lifestyle changes following the Neolithic Revolution, and later, the Industrial Revolution. Fast food is a typical example of food consumed in a standard American diet. Not to be confused with Sweet meat, Sweetbread, or Meat sweats.
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